Remember TV antennas? Well, they still exist. A digital TV antenna 
allows you to watch local TV stations for free, all without paying a 
dime to a cable provider.
Discover Your Local Channels and Their Signal Strength
 
To find out which TV channels you can get over the air for free, we recommend visiting a site called TV Fool and using their 
signal locator tool. Simply enter your address and click on “Find Local Channels”.
 
Give it a few moments to load the next page. Once it loads, you’ll 
see what looks like a round diagram with various lines inside, as well 
as a list of channels off to the right, highlighted in different colors.
 
It can be a bit daunting trying to figure out what it all means, but 
the only thing you really need to pay the most attention to is the 
circular diagram. The lines you see are in various lengths, and each 
line represents a channel. The longer a line is and the closer it is to 
the center of the bullseye, the better the signal is for that channel 
based on your location.
The direction of the lines are important as well. The diagram’s cross
 represents north, south, east, and west. As you can see from my diagram
 above, most of the broadcast signals are coming from the northeast, 
which means I should ideally place my antenna in the northeast corner of
 my house so that I can get the best signal possible. (More on antenna 
selection in a moment.)
From the list of channels on the right-hand side, you really only 
need to focus on the distance of the broadcasts signals, which tells you
 how far away they are.
 
Since many of the signals that I can get are fairly close to my 
location (only 5-10 miles away), placement of my antenna isn’t super 
critical. However, if your broadcast signals are farther away, you’ll 
need to pay extra close attention to where and how you place your 
antenna.
TV Fool gives you a rough idea on this by using colors to highlight 
which channels you’ll easily receive and which ones would be more 
difficult. Channels in green are channels that you could get with a 
basic TV antenna, while channels highlighted in yellow and red will need
 a more powerful antenna and strategic placement.
The Different Types of Antennas
Which type of antenna you purchase largely depends on the information
 that you gathered from above diagram, and different antennas are 
available depending on how far away you are from the broadcast signals.
Indoor vs. Outdoor Antennas
 
 
Not all TV antennas are weatherproof, and many cheaper ones are only 
meant to be placed indoors. If broadcast signals are relatively easy to 
come by in your area, then you’re probably fine getting an indoor 
antenna.
If some of the broadcast signals are farther away, though, an indoor 
antenna may not be powerful enough. For that, you’ll need an outdoor 
antenna, built to take the grunt that mother nature provides, and reach 
much farther. Outdoor antennas are almost always more reliable, though 
they take a bit more work to set up.
Directional vs. Multi-Directional Antennas
You’ll also want to consider whether the antenna you get is 
directional (also called uni-directional) or multi-directional (also 
called omni-directional). As you can guess, directional antennas grab a 
signal from a single direction, while multi-directional antennas can 
fetch signals coming from any direction.
 
Multi-directional antennas are more convenient, but have a 
significant downside: their range is usually much weaker than 
directional antennas, which can put all of their power toward gain a 
signal from a single direction. Multi-directional antennas can also 
suffer from noise and interference coming from all directions, whereas a
 directional antenna can block all that out.
Of course, a directional antenna will only work if the channels you 
want are all in one direction. If they’re coming from different parts of
 town, a directional antenna won’t work well for you.
VHF vs. UHF
Television broadcast signals are transmitted over two different 
frequencies: Very High Frequency (VHF) and Ultra High Frequency (UHF), 
so it’s important that the antenna you end up buying supports either or 
both (ideally both).
If you go back to your TV Fool analysis, you can take a look at the 
section below the list of channels, which will tell you what channels 
use UHF and which ones use VHF.
 
You don’t need to know a whole lot about this, other than which 
frequency is used the most by the channels that you can receive over the
 air. If they’re mostly UHF, then you’ll want to be sure to buy an 
antenna that can grab UHF signals. Most antennas can grab both VHF and 
UHF channels anyway, but it’s good to check before you buy, just in 
case.
A Note on Pre-Amplifiers
Other than the antenna itself, you also may need what’s called a 
pre-amplifier, which is a small device that gets connected inline with 
the antenna’s coaxial cable on its way to your television.
 
If the cable from the antenna to the TV is going to be any longer 
than 50 feet or so, then you’ll need to get a pre-amplifier. The longer 
the cable is, the weaker the signal gets by the time it reaches your 
television, so using a pre-amp (like 
this one) and installing it near the antenna inline with the cable will make sure that you don’t lose any signal strength.
However, make sure to check if your antenna already comes with a 
pre-amp built in. Many outdoor antennas already do, since they know 
you’ll likely need a long run of cable to make it to your television.
Our Recommended Antennas
If you’re looking for a basic indoor multi-directional antenna, 
this 1byone indoor antenna ($13)
 is one of the most popular indoor TV antennas on Amazon, thanks to its 
25-mile range and measly price tag. If you just need a cheap, basic 
antenna to place in a window and be done with it, that’s a good option. 
It has a common flat design to it that many antenna makers use, so feel 
free to go with another company if the price is better—The 
Mohu Leaf ($40) is also very popular (I have one and it works great), and The Wirecutter recommends the 
ClearStream Eclipse ($40, 
amplified version for $60).
 
Indoor directional antennas aren’t as common, but they do exist. 
This antenna from Terk ($60) is a popular option with a range of 45 miles. We’ve also used the 60-mile 
ClearStream 2 ($90)
 in the past with great results, though it’s a little big to be 
considered “indoor” (even though it’s labeled as such). Still, on an 
apartment balcony, we found it got all the channels in that direction 
with great clarity.
 
If you want an outdoor multi-directional antenna, we use 
this amplified 60-mile range model from 1byone ($70)
 and it works great. There’s no need to point it in any specific 
direction, so you have a lot more options as far as where you could 
mount it on the outside of your house, which also helps since you need 
to run power to it.
 
Outdoor directional antennas are extremely common, though, so you’ll find a lot of options in this area. 
1byone’s outdoor directional antenna ($45)
 has an 85-mile range, which has a farther reach than their 
multi-directional model, but it’s also much larger. It also requires 
that you plug it into a power source, since it’s amplified.
 
Again, there are lots of other antennas out there, but these are a 
few popular, highly rated options (and a few we’ve tried ourselves with 
good results). Every antenna will work a little differently depending on
 your neighborhood and where you set it up, so you may have to try a 
couple before you find the ideal one for you. Buy from somewhere with a 
good return policy!
How to Hook Your Antenna Up to Your TV
Got your antenna? Great! Now it’s time to set it up and try it out.
You’ll first need to position the antenna in a good location (ideally
 where it has the best line-of-sight with signal towers). Again, if you 
get a very strong signal, a basic indoor antenna by your TV will 
probably be good enough. Mounting it by the window will get you a better
 signal, if you need it. (Don’t actually mount anything on your wall 
until you’re happy with the signal you get, though. You may need to move
 the antenna around to improve your signal and experiment with different
 locations.)
If you need an outdoor antenna, though, it’ll take a bit more work to
 install—you’ll likely have to use a ladder to climb up and mount it to 
the roof or side of the house using the included hardware. If you aren’t
 comfortable doing this, call a professional. (Check to see if your 
house already has a roof antenna, too—many do!)
 
After you’ve found a good place for your antenna, connect it to your 
television with the included coaxial cable. In the photo above, you can 
see how we’ve attached the coaxial cable from our antenna to the antenna
 input jack on our TV. And if your antenna is amplified, plug the 
amplifier into a power source. Our antenna can be powered via USB, so we
 plugged the USB cable that powers the amplification system into the 
TV’s USB port.
Once it’s plugged in, head to your TV’s channel setup menu. Your TV 
will need to scan for available channels, which should take just a few 
minutes. When it’s done, you’ll be watching HD TV channels, you can cut 
the cable cord for good. If you aren’t getting the best signal possible,
 adjust the positioning and try scanning again—hopefully, with a bit of 
tweaking, you’ll be watching all your local channels in crystal-clear 
HD.
Source: https://www.howtogeek.com/205253/give-the-gift-of-free-tv-to-your-parents-this-christmas/